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A number is a multiple of 6 precisely when it is both a multiple of 2 and of 3. To be a multiple of 2, it will need to end with an even digit; i.e. 0 or 2. To be a multiple of 3, the sum of the digits has to be a multiple of 3.
If it ends with 0, the sum of the other two digits must be a multiple of 3; and only 3 = 1 + 2 or 6 = 1 + 5 are possible. That gives the numbers 120, 210, 150, 510.
If it ends with 2, the sum of the others must be 1 = 0 + 1 or 4 = 1 + 3. That gives 102, 132 and 312.
Hence 7 of these numbers are divisible by 6.
Digital Division
Age 11 to 14
ShortChallenge Level 
A number is a multiple of 6 precisely when it is both a multiple of 2 and of 3. To be a multiple of 2, it will need to end with an even digit; i.e. 0 or 2. To be a multiple of 3, the sum of the digits has to be a multiple of 3.
If it ends with 0, the sum of the other two digits must be a multiple of 3; and only 3 = 1 + 2 or 6 = 1 + 5 are possible. That gives the numbers 120, 210, 150, 510.
If it ends with 2, the sum of the others must be 1 = 0 + 1 or 4 = 1 + 3. That gives 102, 132 and 312.
Hence 7 of these numbers are divisible by 6.
This problem is taken from the UKMT Mathematical Challenges.
You can find more short problems, arranged by curriculum topic, in our short problems collection.
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