Each square has exactly $\frac{1}{4}$ of its perimeter as part of the line, and together these form the whole line. This means the total perimeter is $4 \times 24\text{cm} = 96\text{cm}$.
Algebraically, the diagram on the left shows that the line has length $a+b+c+d+e+f = 24\text{cm}$. The total of the perimeters is then: