Golden Triangle

$ \angle BDC = \angle BAC + \angle DBA = 2 \angle BAC. $

$ \angle BCD + \angle ABC + \angle BAC = \angle BDC + \angle BDC + \angle BAC = 180^o. $

$ 2 \angle BAC + 2 \angle BAC + \angle BAC = 180^o $

$ 5 \angle BAC = 180^o $,

$ \angle BAC = \angle DBA = 36^o$,

$\angle BDA = 108^o $ ,

$ \angle ABC = \angle ACB = \angle BDC = 72^o $

and $ \angle CBD = 36^o. $

The triangles $ ABC $ and $ BDC $ have lengths $ AB = AC = p $ and $ BC = BD = DA = q $ and the angles are $ 36^o , 72^o $ and $ 72^o $ so they are similar triangles. Taking the ratio of corresponding sides $ AC/BC = BC/DC $ : $$\frac{p}{q} = \frac{q}{p-q}$$ So $ p^2 -pq-q^2 = 0 $ and dividing by $ q^2 $ gives the quadratic equation $$(p/q)^2 -(p/q)-1=0 $$ which has the solutions $(1 \pm \sqrt 5) /2$. We don't want the negative root for such a ratio as it would make no sense. Hence $ p/q = (\sqrt{5} + 1)/2 $. Similarly $ q/p = (\sqrt 5 - 1)/2 $.

Triangles $ ABC $ and $ BDC $ are similar and the ratio of areas is the square of the ratio of corresponding sides. So area of

$ BDC : ABC $ $ = [(\sqrt 5 - 1)^2/2 ] : 1 $

$ = (6 -2\sqrt 5 )/4 : 1 $

$ = (3 - \sqrt 5 ) : 2 $

So if the area of triangle $ ABC $ is $2$ the area of triangle $ BDC $ is $3-\sqrt 5$ and the area of triangle $ ABD $ is $ 2 - (3 - \sqrt 5) = \sqrt 5 -1 $.