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For younger learners

  • Early Years Foundation Stage

Observing the Sun and the Moon

Age 7 to 14
Challenge Level Yellow star
  • Project
  • Teachers' Resources


  • Read: astronomy
  • Cosmologist

Here are some questions you might explore, or you may have your own questions about the sun or the moon which you would like to investigate:

  • the time when the sun sets or rises
  • the place on the horizon where you last or first see it
  • the time when the moon sets or rises
  • the place on the horizon where you last or first see it 
  • the phases of the moon
  • the number of sunspots on the sun and how they move (more information) - but it is very important that you do NOT look directly at the sun.  The easiest safe way to observe the sun is to use a pinhole camera.

A paper plate is a good way to show where there are tall trees or buildings on the horizon which you can use for a marker, and where the sun or moon rises or sets. It's also a good way to show sunspots.

Further activities on sunrise and sunset.

Related Collections

  • STEM clubs

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Paper Folding - Models of the Platonic Solids

A description of how to make the five Platonic solids out of paper.

Plaiting and Braiding

This article for students gives some instructions about how to make some different braids.

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The NRICH Project aims to enrich the mathematical experiences of all learners. To support this aim, members of the NRICH team work in a wide range of capacities, including providing professional development for teachers wishing to embed rich mathematical tasks into everyday classroom practice.

NRICH is part of the family of activities in the Millennium Mathematics Project.

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