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(a) What is the highest power of 5 which is a divisor of 20 factorial? Just how many factors does 20! have altogether?
(b) Show that the highest power of p that divides 500!, where p is a prime number and p^t < 500 < p^{t+1}, is \lfloor 500/p\rfloor+\lfloor 500/p^2\rfloor+\dotsb+\lfloor 500/p^t\rfloor, where \lfloor x\rfloor (the floor of x) means to round down to the nearest integer. (For example, \lfloor 3\rfloor=3, \lfloor 4.7\rfloor=4, \lfloor -2.7\rfloor=-3, and so on.)
(c) How many factors does n! have?
In turn 4 people throw away three nuts from a pile and hide a quarter of the remainder finally leaving a multiple of 4 nuts. How many nuts were at the start?
Find the smallest numbers a, b, and c such that: a^2 = 2b^3 = 3c^5 What can you say about other solutions to this problem?