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Attractive Rotations

Age 11 to 14
Challenge Level Yellow star
Secondary curriculum
  • Problem
  • Getting Started
  • Student Solutions
  • Teachers' Resources

Thank you to Sally and Emily from Parrs Wood for sending us pictures of their rotations. Here are their findings.

Sally noticed a pattern with the coordinates of our shape. 

coord
In the table below, the coordinates (x',y') describe where the points (x,y) end up after they have rotated by $90^\circ$ around (0,0):  


(x,y) (x',y')
(-4,-5) (-5,4)
(-6,2) (2,6)
(4,2) (2,-4)
(-5,4) (4,5)
(2,6) (6,-2)
(2,-4) (-4,-2)
(4,5) (5,-4)
(6,-2) (-2,6)
(-4,-2) (-2,4)
(5,-4) (-4,5)
(-2,6) (2,-6)
(-2,4) (4,2)
  

So the coordinates (x',y'), which are a rotation of (x,y) by $90^{\circ}$ around (0,0), are (y, -x).

$180^{\circ}$ rotation is just two $90^{\circ}$ rotations so

(x,y) $\longrightarrow$ (x',y') = (y,-x) $\longrightarrow$ (y',-x') = (-x, -y).
         $90^{\circ}$                            $90^{\circ}$


Here are Emily's rotated shapes and mathematical discoveries.
 
I first rotated shapes by $60^{\circ}$ and found the rotational symmentry was of order 6 because $360\div60 = 6$. But when I coloured them in sometimes the rotational symmentry was of order less than 6. I noticed they were factors of 6.
 
 smaller

I predicted rotations of $30^{\circ}$ would have rotational symmetry of order 12 and $72^{\circ}$ would have rotational symmetry of order 5 because $360\div30 = 12$ and $360\div72 = 5$. These were true for the pictures I drew. I also knew I couldn't colour in my $72^{\circ}$ rotation shape because 5 is prime so its only factors are 5 and 1.

 smallernow

$360\div80 = 4.5$ and I had to go round twice to complete my shape. This then gave me rotational symmetry of order 9 because $360\times2=720$ and $720\div80 = 9$.

As $360\div135 = 2{2\over3}$, I worked out $360\times3=1080$ and $1080\div135 = 8$ so I knew I had to go round 3 times to get a shape with rotational symmetry.

Mr Bakker sent us a photo of the work some of his students did on this task:

 
 

Do continue sending us pictures of your rotation patterns along with any interesting mathematical discoveries you make.


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The NRICH Project aims to enrich the mathematical experiences of all learners. To support this aim, members of the NRICH team work in a wide range of capacities, including providing professional development for teachers wishing to embed rich mathematical tasks into everyday classroom practice.

NRICH is part of the family of activities in the Millennium Mathematics Project.

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